Tutorials Crop farming

Info

Crops currently growing

Crops ready to be harvested

Sped-up GIF of wheat growing.

Crop farming allows players to plant Minecraft uses the standard control scheme of mouse and keyboard controls as input. The game cannot be played using only a mouse or only a keyboard using the default control scheme. The controls menu is any of several crop plants on farmland Farmland Transparency PC: Partial (Blocks light) PE: Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 3 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Dirt (1) Data value dec: 60 hex: 3C bin: 111100 Name farmland “ Want to live , which then grow over time and can be harvested for food Foods (or Foodstuffs as considered by the Creative inventory) are consumable items that when eaten restore hunger points and sometimes cause status effects. They are essential to the player s survival, as going without them will . This page covers four separate crops, all of which share essentially the same growth mechanics, though they produce different crops. All four seeds need to grow to maturity to produce more crops.

Starting out

Each crop requires an initial " seed Seeds may refer to: Seeds - an item that can be planted on farmland to grow wheat. Melon Seeds - an item that can be planted on farmland to grow melon. Pumpkin Seeds - an stock" for planting, and getting those first few items can be non-trivial. After the first few seeds, or the first carrot Carrot Type Food Restores 3 () Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data values Block dec: 141 hex: 8D bin: 10001101 Item dec: 391 hex: 187 bin: 110000111 Name Block carrots Item carrot This article is or potato Potato Type Food Restores 1 () Cookable Yes Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Experience Cooked: 0.35 First appearances See History Data values Block dec: 142 hex: 8E bin: 10001110 Item dec: 392 hex: 188 bin: 110001000 Name Block potatoes Item potato , are planted, they will eventually produce more seeds or vegetables than you started with. These can be used to replant the original space, plus other empty spots, and so on until you`ve filled your farm-plot of choice. All four crops can be found in village Village Biome Plains, desert, savanna, taiga Consists of See Structure Can generate post-generation No First appearances See History See villages. For how to build the natural village style, see Village Blueprints. “ farms.

Most players will want to set up a wheat Wheat Type Food Durability N/A Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 296 hex: 128 bin: 100101000 Name wheat See the food item. For the planted seed and the wheat farm early on, to provide bread Bread Type Food Restores 5 () Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 297 hex: 129 bin: 100101001 Name bread Bread is a food item that can be eaten by the as their first food supply; be that as it may, as the game progresses, better foods will become available, and the wheat farm will likely be re-purposed for breeding animals. Carrots and potatoes are usually not found until somewhat later in the game.

Wheat is grown from seeds Seeds Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool None Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Seeds (1) when not mature Seeds (0–3) when fully grown Wheat (1) when fully grown Data values , which can be collected by destroying tall grass Grass Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool Renewable Grass, Fern, Double variants: Yes Shrub: No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable Yes Drops Seeds (0–1) Data values Grass, Fern or Shrub dec: 31 hex: 1F bin: 11111 Double . While tall grass is common in most biomes A river bisecting a jungle biome. At the top right is a forest. A river running through a mesa biome with mesa plateaus, with a savanna biome in the bottom right. “ In case you , it doesn`t drop seeds all that often (10% chance); be that as it may, grass is fairly easy to find and mine, so gathering seeds is fairly easy. Harvesting a mature wheat plant yields 1 piece of wheat and 0-3 seeds. If harvested early, they will drop a single seed but no wheat. The wheat items can be crafted into bread, or combined with other items to make cake Cake Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 2.5 Tool Any tool Renewable Yes Stackable No (Yes, 64 in Console Edition) Flammable No Drops None Data values Block dec: 92 hex: 5C bin: 1011100 Item dec: 354 hex: 162 bin: 101100010 Name , or cookies Cookie Type Food Restores 2 () Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 357 hex: 165 bin: 101100101 Name cookie Cookies are food items that are easily obtainable, but do not . While wheat itself can`t be planted, it can be used to breed Two villagers in "love mode", breeding “ If you hold food in your hand, they follow you around. If you feed them, they enter "love mode". Two animals in love mode = babies. „ —Notch cows Cow Health points 10 () Size Adult: Height: 1.4 Blocks Width: 0.9 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.7 Blocks Width: 0.45 Blocks Spawn Opaque blocks with at least two blocks of space above them. After shearing a , sheep Sheep Health points 8 () Size Adult: Height: 1.3 Blocks Width: 0.9 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.65 Blocks Width: 0.45 Blocks Spawn Opaque blocks with at least two block space above them. First appearances See History , or Mooshrooms Mooshroom Health points 10 () Size Adult: Height: 1.4 Blocks Width: 0.9 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.7 Blocks Width: 0.45 Blocks Spawn Mushroom Island biomes First appearances See History Common drops See Drops Experience Kill Adult: . The seeds can be used either to grow more wheat or to breed chickens Chicken Health points 4 () Size Adult: Height: 0.7 Blocks Width: 0.4 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.35 Blocks Width: 0.2 Blocks Spawn Solid surfaced blocks with a minimum of two block spaces above them A 1/8 .

In contrast, carrots and potatoes are their own seed, and the plants are not found in the wild. Killed zombies Zombie Health points 20 () Armor points 2 () Attack strength Easy: 2 () Normal: 3 () Hard: 4 () Size Adult: Height: 1.95 Blocks Width: 0.6 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.975 Blocks Width: 0.3 Blocks Spawn will occasionally drop a single carrot or potato, which can then be cultivated and multiplied into a farm`s worth, or they may be found in village Village Biome Plains, desert, savanna, taiga Consists of See Structure Can generate post-generation No First appearances See History See villages. For how to build the natural village style, see Village Blueprints. “ farms. Each mature plant can be harvested to get 1-4 potatoes or carrots respectively. A potato plant also has an additional 2% chance of dropping a useless poisonous potato Poisonous Potato Type Food Restores 2 () 60% chance of applying Poison (0:04) Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 394 hex: 18A bin: 110001010 Name poisonous_potato This page or section . Both carrots and potatoes can be eaten directly, but potatoes can also be cooked The furnace interface. Smelting is a method of producing refined goods in Minecraft, also known as melting, baking, cooking, burning, drying, or producing. It has the same idea as crafting; one must put in acceptable into baked potatoes Baked Potato Type Food Restores 5 () Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 393 hex: 189 bin: 110001001 Name baked_potato This page or section has been suggested to be merged for more nutrition, while carrots can be used to breed or control pigs Pig Health points 10 () Size Adult: Height: 0.9 Blocks Width: 0.9 Blocks Baby: Height: 0.45 Blocks Width: 0.45 Blocks Spawn Opaque blocks with a (Minimum) two block space above them. First appearances See History and rabbits Rabbit Health points 3 () Armor points Killer Bunny only: 8 () Attack strength Killer Bunny only: Easy: 5 () Normal: 8 () Hard: 12 () Size Adult: Height: 0.5 Blocks Width: 0.4 Blocks Baby: Height: , or crafted into golden carrots Golden Carrot Type Items Restores 6 () Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 396 hex: 18C bin: 110001100 Name golden_carrot A golden carrot is a valuable food item and brewing . Pigs may also be bred and led using potatoes. ^{Pocket⃂edition only Pocket Edition Author(s) Mojang AB Jens Bergensten Aron Nieminen Daniel Kaplan Tommaso Checchi Shoghi Cervantes Jason Major Daniel Wustenhoff Tomas Alaeus Mikael "Slicedlime" Hedberg @@@#@@@Microsoft(microsoft.com)###@### Studios 1] Platform(s) Written in C++ 2] Latest version 1.1.2}

Beetroots are grown from beetroot seeds Beetroot Seeds Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool Any tool Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Beetroot Beetroot Seeds Data values PCPersonal Computer item: dec: 435 hex: 1B3 bin: 110110011 PE Item: dec: 458 hex: 1CA bin: 111001010 , which can be found as chest loot This table summarizes the average quantity of each item that can be found in a naturally-generated chest, depending on its location. show all columns View at: Chest loot/All edit] Values represent the number of items and may be found in village farms. Beetroots can be employed to breed pigs or crafted into beetroot soup.

Videos

Sowing

These crops can only be planted on farmland Farmland Transparency PC: Partial (Blocks light) PE: Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 3 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Dirt (1) Data value dec: 60 hex: 3C bin: 111100 Name farmland “ Want to live which is produced by using a hoe Hoe Type Tools Durability Wood: 60 Uses Stone: 132 Uses Iron: 251 Uses Golden: 33 Uses Diamond: 1562 Uses Renewable Diamond: No All Others: Yes Stackable No Data values See Data values Name See Data on dirt Dirt Transparency No Luminance No Blast resistance 2.5 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Itself Data value dec: 03 hex: 3 bin: 11 Name dirt See Dirt. For the similar block, see or grass blocks Grass Block Transparency No Luminance No Blast resistance 3 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Dirt (1) Data value dec: 02 hex: 2 bin: 10 Name grass See the dirt block with . If there is no water Water Transparency Partial (-2 to light) Luminance No Blast resistance 500 (Flowing) 500 (Still) Tool Renewable Yes Stackable N/A Flammable No Drops None Data values Flowing Water dec: 08 hex: 8 bin: 1000 Still Water dec: 09 hex: 9 bin: 1001 nearby (still or flowing, within four blocks horizontally on the same vertical level or one level above), farmland will dry out—but only if there is no crop yet planted on it. If farmland becomes completely dry and a crop is planted on it, the farmland will not revert to dirt. Thus, it is possible to grow crops without water (say, in the Nether A view of the Nether. The Nether is a hell-like dimension, filled with fire, lava, and dangerous mobs. Contents 1 Accessing 2 Environment 2.1 Mobs 3 Generation 3.1 Naturally generated 3.2 Naturally created 3.3 Structures ) by hoeing the dirt and immediately planting a crop. The farmland will not revert until the crop is harvested, and even so that can generally be avoided by immediately replanting. Note, be that as it may, that this "dry farming" makes crops grow slowly.

At the beginning of the game when buckets Bucket Type Tools Durability N/A Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (16) First appearances See History Data values PC: dec: 325 hex: 145 bin: 101000101 PE: dec: 3250 hex: 1450 bin: 1010001010 Name bucket See the item. For the server are not available, you can till the dirt at the edge of a pond or lake Every specific group of blocks purposefully formed in Minecraft based on coding is part of a natural structure. Contents 1 The Overworld 1.1 Terrain 1.1.1 Mountain 1.1.2 Floating "island" 1.1.3 Hollows 1.1.4 Hill 1.1.5 Beach , perhaps digging a trench to extend the water supply inland or straightening the shoreline by adding or removing dirt blocks at the top layer of the water`s edge. Be that as it may, once the player has a comfortable amount of resources, they will usually want to set up some fenced Fence Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 15 (Wood) 30 (Nether Brick) Tools Renewable Wood: Yes Nether Brick: No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable Wood: Yes Nether Brick: No Drops Itself Data values See Data values farm plots to prevent mobs from trampling the crops and attacking the farmer.

A basic repeatable farm plot consists of a 9⃗9 square of farmland with the center square dug out and filled with a water source block. This gives 80 blocks of farmland which can be fenced with 40 pieces of fence including gates Fence Gate Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 15 Tool Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable Yes Drops Itself Data values See data values Name See data values A fence gate is a block that and is the most efficient arrangement for simple farms. For larger farms, this plot can be repeated in both the X and Z directions X, Y and Z coordinate on a Minecraft map. Coordinates numerically represent your location in a Minecraft world. They are based on a grid where three lines or axes intersect at the origin point. Players .

Leaving the water source uncovered poses a risk of falling into it and then trampling some of the farmland when jumping out of it. The water can be covered with any block, but using a slab Slab Transparency Double slab: No Single slab: Partial (blocks light) Luminance No Blast resistance Wood: 15 Stone: 30 Tools Renewable Stone: Yes Wood: Yes (except Fake Wood) Cobblestone: Yes Stone Brick: Yes Purpur: Yes Quartz: , carpet Carpet Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0.5 Tool Any tool Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable Yes Drops Itself Data value dec: 171 hex: AB bin: 10101011 Name carpet Carpets are thin blocks which are mainly used , lily pad Lily Pad Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool Any tool Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Itself Data value dec: 111 hex: 6F bin: 1101111 Name waterlily The lily pad is a short, flat , or other block that can be walked onto without jumping is better to prevent trampling. In cold biomes A river bisecting a jungle biome. At the top right is a forest. A river running through a mesa biome with mesa plateaus, with a savanna biome in the bottom right. “ In case you , covering the water with a solid block will also guard it against freezing Ice Transparency PC: Partial (-2 to light) PE: No Luminance No Blast resistance 2.5 Tool Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops None Data value dec: 79 hex: 4F bin: 1001111 Name ice See . An alternative that also provides light so some crops can continue to grow at night is to suspend a block above the water with one space of air between them—so you can neither fall into the water nor jump on and off the block—and place torches on that block or to suspend a jack-o-lantern or glowstone block above the water.

Placing torches or other light sources near the crops allows them to continue growing at night or underground, and it prevents hostile mobs from spawning near them. Planting crops in alternate rows (that is, rows separated by bare farmland or a different crop) will speed up growth as well.

Growth and harvesting

In-game wheat at several stages

Any of wheat Wheat Type Food Durability N/A Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 296 hex: 128 bin: 100101000 Name wheat See the food item. For the planted seed and the wheat , carrots, or potatoes will only grow under the following conditions:

• It is directly above a block of farmland Farmland Transparency PC: Partial (Blocks light) PE: Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 3 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Dirt (1) Data value dec: 60 hex: 3C bin: 111100 Name farmland “ Want to live . If the farmland is removed or reverts to dirt Dirt Transparency No Luminance No Blast resistance 2.5 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Itself Data value dec: 03 hex: 3 bin: 11 Name dirt See Dirt. For the similar block, see , the crop will be broken.
• A light level of 9 or higher in the block above the plant. This doesn`t have to be sunlight, so torches will let crops grow at night or underground.
  • This means that an opaque block above the crop (which has light level 0 inside) will prevent growth while a transparent block can allow growth if the light inside is sufficient.
• Any player is within their chunk update radius (that is, the crops will only grow if their chunk is loaded).

In single-player or in multiplayer with only one player nearby, crops will not grow while the player is sleeping. Be that as it may, if torches are not being used, sleeping will skip past the nights when the crops would not grow.

All three crops have a total of 8 growth stages. For wheat, each stage is a little taller and darker than the last, and the crop is mature when the wheat turns brown. Carrots and potatoes have only 4 distinct appearances⃢₀ₔeach pair of stages appears identical except that stage 7 shares the appearance of stages 5-6 (so the player can tell if it`s fully mature or not, otherwise the fully mature and its previous stage can confuse the player). When mature (stage 8), the plant shows carrots or potatoes protruding from the ground.

Growth happens at random intervals and is affected by growing conditions. The average duration of each stage ranges from 5 minutes (in ideal conditions) to 35 minutes (in worst-case conditions). Aside from being placed on hydrated farmland, "ideal conditions" include having light sources (for night growth) and planting crops in alternate rows: each row of plants should be next to either a different crop or empty farmland. For the plants on the edges of the plot, it`s also ideal to have more farmland beyond the row ends and the outer rows; be that as it may, this is rarely done since it amounts to leaving the edges of the available field empty. Full details of the growth mechanics are given below.

Right-clicking on any crop plant with bone meal will advance it to a later stage in the growing process which is useful for speeding up the initial multiplication of seed Seeds may refer to: Seeds - an item that can be planted on farmland to grow wheat. Melon Seeds - an item that can be planted on farmland to grow melon. Pumpkin Seeds - an stock.

Crops can be harvested at any time by left-clicking on them with or without a tool, but when immature, they will yield only one of the corresponding seed item. When mature, wheat will yield 0-3 seeds Seeds Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool None Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Seeds (1) when not mature Seeds (0–3) when fully grown Wheat (1) when fully grown Data values and one item of wheat. Carrots and potatoes will yield 1-4 of the crop when mature. Mature potato plants have a 2% chance of dropping a poisonous potato Poisonous Potato Type Food Restores 2 () 60% chance of applying Poison (0:04) Cookable No Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 394 hex: 18A bin: 110001010 Name poisonous_potato This page or section in addition to the normal potatoes.

Because harvesting one block at a time can become very tedious, methods for automatically harvesting fields have been developed. The most common tactic is to flood the field with water (which harvests all the plants it touches), but other methods are possible as discussed below.

Growth rate

Probability of a crop plant being in each of the eight growth stages, as a function of time

Early in the game it may be helpful to maximize the growth rate of a crop in order to quickly multiply the seeds Seeds Transparency Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 0 Tool None Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Seeds (1) when not mature Seeds (0–3) when fully grown Wheat (1) when fully grown Data values and/or get some wheat Wheat Type Food Durability N/A Renewable Yes Stackable Yes (64) First appearances See History Data value dec: 296 hex: 128 bin: 100101000 Name wheat See the food item. For the planted seed and the wheat quickly. Doing so requires some understanding of the growth mechanics which are discussed here.

Crop growth is prompted by random update ticks⃢₀ₔthe same random events that, for instance, create smoke particles above torches and play cave noises. For a given block, a random update occurs an average of once every 68.27 seconds. Be that as it may, the delay can vary widely, and it is rare but possible for plants to gain a stage the moment after planting or grow two stages a moment apart.

During every update, a crop plant gets a chance to grow to the next stage with the exact chance depending on conditions:

• As noted above, growth requires a light level of at least 9 in the block above the plant.
• The growth probability is 1/(floor(25/points) + 1), where "points" is as follows:
  • The farmland Farmland Transparency PC: Partial (Blocks light) PE: Yes Luminance No Blast resistance 3 Tool Renewable No Stackable Yes (64) Flammable No Drops Dirt (1) Data value dec: 60 hex: 3C bin: 111100 Name farmland “ Want to live block the crop is planted in gives 2 points if dry or 4 if hydrated.
  • For each of the 8 blocks around the block in which the crop is planted, dry farmland gives 0.25 points, and hydrated farmland gives 0.75.
    • Note that if a field is bordered with anything besides more farmland, the plants at the edge will grow more slowly.
  • If any plants of the same type are growing in the eight surrounding blocks, the point total is cut in half unless the crops are arranged in rows. That is, having the same sort of plant either on a diagonal or in both north-south and east-west directions X, Y and Z coordinate on a Minecraft map. Coordinates numerically represent your location in a Minecraft world. They are based on a grid where three lines or axes intersect at the origin point. Players cuts the growth chance, but having the same type of plant only north-south or east-west does not. The growth chance is only halved once no matter how many plants surround the central one.

From this we can figure the growth periods for the common cases:

• For the fastest growth per seed, a full layer of hydrated farmland with crops in rows is ideal. Under these conditions, the probability of growth during each update is ⃢₅ₓ, or approximately 33%. Most (4/5) planted crops will reach maturity within 37 minutes (about 2 minecraft days). For all plants to have this probability, crop rows must be separated by empty farmland or by a different crop, and the edges and corners of the field must be empty farmland. Be that as it may, this probability also applies to crops adjacent to one or two non-farmland blocks (e.g. blocks of water Water Transparency Partial (-2 to light) Luminance No Blast resistance 500 (Flowing) 500 (Still) Tool Renewable Yes Stackable N/A Flammable No Drops None Data values Flowing Water dec: 08 hex: 8 bin: 1000 Still Water dec: 09 hex: 9 bin: 1001 in the middle of a field for hydration and/or a torch) due to the floor function.

• For hydrated crops in rows at the edge of a field (having 3 blocks of non-farmland along one side), the growth probability is 1/4 (25%). Most planted crops in this case will reach maturity within 50 minutes (about 2.5 minecraft days).

• For hydrated crops in rows at the corner of a field (having 5 blocks of non-farmland adjacent), the growth probability is 1/5 (20%). Most crops will reach maturity within 62 minutes (about 3 minecraft days).

• Hydrated crops not in rows have approximately half the growth probabilities: 1/6 (16.7%) for mid-field plants, 1/7 (14%) for edges, and 1/9 (11%) for corners.

• The usual worst-case conditions for growing are crops placed out of rows on dry farmland. In this case the growth probability is 1/13 (approximately 8%) for the middle crops, 1/16 (6%) for the edges, and 1/19 (5%) for the corners.

• The worst case would be two crops diagonally adjacent on dry farmland (all other surrounding blocks being non-farmland) which has a growth probability of 1/23, about 4%.

Later in the game, the highest yield per area of a given field may be more important than the fastest growth per seed. Fields sown solidly to achieve this with a single crop do grow at half the speed, but they also let you separate each type of crop into its own respective field and harvest one type all at once. Be that as it may, one large field with alternating rows of different crops would still grow faster than smaller fields each sown solidly with a single crop.

The progression of crops over time is shown in the plot above. Each line represents the probability of finding a given crop in that particular growth stage, assuming ideal conditions. The plots for non-ideal conditions look similar with only the scale of the x-axis (time passed) being longer.

Compact design